Delhi temperature exhibits extreme variations throughout the year, ranging from freezing winters to scorching summers. The capital experiences five distinct seasons with temperatures fluctuating between 5°C to 45°C. Understanding Delhi’s climate patterns helps residents and visitors prepare for weather extremes, plan activities, and adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Table of Contents
- Introduction: Understanding Delhi’s Climate
- Current Delhi Temperature Conditions
- Seasonal Temperature Patterns
- Monthly Temperature Breakdown
- Extreme Weather Events and Records
- Impact of Climate Change on Delhi
- Best Times to Visit Based on Temperature
- Temperature-Related Health and Safety Tips
- Conclusion
Introduction: Understanding Delhi’s Climate {#introduction}
Delhi temperature patterns reflect the city’s unique geographical position and semi-arid climate, creating one of the most diverse weather experiences in India. The national capital’s weather is characterized by extreme variations, with temperatures ranging from near-freezing conditions in winter to scorching heat exceeding 45°C in summer. According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), Delhi’s climate is influenced by its landlocked position, proximity to the Thar Desert, and the Himalayan mountain range.
Understanding Delhi temperature trends becomes crucial for the city’s 32 million residents and millions of annual visitors. The Delhi Pollution Control Committee reports that temperature variations significantly impact air quality, with extreme temperatures often coinciding with hazardous pollution levels. These weather patterns affect daily life, from transportation and energy consumption to public health and economic activities. Learn more about Indian climate zones and how Delhi fits into the broader picture.
Current Delhi Temperature Conditions {#current}
Real-Time Weather Updates
Delhi temperature today varies significantly based on the season and time of day. For the most accurate current conditions, the National Weather Service of India provides hourly updates and forecasts. Temperature readings are taken from multiple stations across the National Capital Region (NCR), including Safdarjung (the official recording station), Palam, and other key locations.
Daily Temperature Variations
Typical Daily Temperature Range by Season
| Season | Morning (6 AM) | Afternoon (2 PM) | Evening (8 PM) | Night (12 AM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winter (Dec-Feb) | 5-8°C | 18-22°C | 12-15°C | 7-10°C |
| Spring (Mar-Apr) | 15-20°C | 30-35°C | 25-28°C | 18-22°C |
| Summer (May-Jun) | 28-32°C | 40-45°C | 35-38°C | 30-33°C |
| Monsoon (Jul-Sep) | 25-28°C | 32-35°C | 28-30°C | 26-28°C |
| Autumn (Oct-Nov) | 18-22°C | 28-32°C | 22-25°C | 20-22°C |
Microclimates Within Delhi
Delhi temperature can vary by several degrees across different areas of the city. Urban heat island effects cause central Delhi areas like Connaught Place and Karol Bagh to be 2-4°C warmer than peripheral areas. Green zones like the Ridge Forest and Lodhi Gardens typically record lower temperatures. Check our Delhi neighborhood guide for location-specific information.
Seasonal Temperature Patterns {#seasonal}
Winter Season (December to February)
Delhi temperature during winter months can drop significantly, with minimum temperatures occasionally falling below 5°C. The coldest period typically occurs between December 25 and January 15, when cold waves from the Himalayas affect the region. The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) notes that winter fog, combined with low temperatures, creates challenging conditions for transportation and daily activities.
Summer Season (April to June)
The most extreme Delhi temperature readings occur during the summer months, particularly in May and June. Heat waves are common, with temperatures frequently exceeding 45°C. The National Disaster Management Authority issues regular heat wave warnings during this period, as extreme temperatures pose serious health risks.
Monsoon Season (July to September)
Delhi Monsoon Temperature and Rainfall Data
| Month | Avg High | Avg Low | Rainfall (mm) | Humidity (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| July | 35°C | 27°C | 180-200 | 70-80 |
| August | 34°C | 26°C | 200-220 | 75-85 |
| September | 34°C | 25°C | 100-120 | 65-75 |
Monthly Temperature Breakdown {#monthly}
January to March: Transition Period
Delhi temperature begins its upward trend from mid-February, marking the transition from winter to spring. January remains the coldest month with average minimums of 7°C, while March sees rapid warming with maximums reaching 30°C. The Delhi Tourism Department recommends this period for outdoor sightseeing due to pleasant weather conditions.
April to June: Peak Summer
Monthly Maximum Temperature Trends
| Month | Record High | Average High | Days Above 40°C |
|---|---|---|---|
| April | 45.6°C | 36°C | 5-8 |
| May | 47.2°C | 41°C | 15-20 |
| June | 48°C | 40°C | 12-18 |
July to September: Monsoon Relief
Delhi temperature moderates during the monsoon season, though high humidity levels can make conditions uncomfortable. The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology reports that monsoon rainfall helps reduce temperatures by 5-8°C compared to pre-monsoon levels. Visit our monsoon preparedness guide for seasonal advice.
October to December: Post-Monsoon Pleasant Weather
Autumn to Early Winter Temperature Progression
| Month | Avg High | Avg Low | Weather Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| October | 33°C | 19°C | Clear skies, low humidity |
| November | 28°C | 12°C | Perfect weather, festival season |
| December | 22°C | 7°C | Cool mornings, sunny days |
Extreme Weather Events and Records {#extreme}
Historical Temperature Records
Delhi temperature extremes have been well-documented by the IMD since 1901. The highest recorded temperature was 48°C on May 26, 1998, while the lowest was -0.6°C on January 16, 1935. Recent years have seen increasing frequency of extreme weather events, with climate scientists attributing this to global climate change.
Heat Wave Patterns
Delhi Heat Wave Statistics (2015-2024)
| Year | Days Above 45°C | Heat Wave Declarations | Heat-Related Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 8 | 3 | 56 |
| 2021 | 6 | 2 | 48 |
| 2022 | 12 | 4 | 72 |
| 2023 | 10 | 3 | 65 |
| 2024 | 14 | 5 | 89 |
Impact of Climate Change on Delhi {#climate-change}
Long-Term Temperature Trends
Delhi temperature data over the past century shows a clear warming trend. The Centre for Science and Environment reports that average temperatures have increased by 1.5°C since 1970, with winter minimums rising faster than summer maximums. This warming trend affects everything from energy consumption to public health infrastructure planning.
Urban Heat Island Effect
The rapid urbanization of Delhi has intensified the heat island effect, causing Delhi temperature in densely built areas to be significantly higher than rural surroundings. Research from IIT Delhi shows that concrete surfaces and reduced green cover contribute to temperature differences of up to 5°C between urban and peri-urban areas. Explore our urban cooling solutions guide for adaptation strategies.
Best Times to Visit Based on Temperature {#best-times}
Optimal Tourism Seasons
Delhi Tourism Calendar Based on Temperature
| Period | Temperature Range | Tourist Rating | Key Events |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct-Nov | 15-30°C | ★★★★★ | Diwali, Dussehra festivals |
| Dec-Jan | 5-20°C | ★★★★☆ | Republic Day, winter festivals |
| Feb-Mar | 10-28°C | ★★★★★ | Holi, spring blooms |
| Apr-May | 25-42°C | ★★☆☆☆ | Avoid peak summer |
| Jun-Sep | 28-38°C | ★★★☆☆ | Monsoon season, Independence Day |
Activity-Based Recommendations
Delhi temperature considerations vary based on planned activities. The Archaeological Survey of India recommends visiting outdoor monuments like Red Fort and Qutub Minar during October-March when temperatures are comfortable. Indoor attractions like museums and shopping malls provide respite during extreme weather months. Check our Delhi tourist calendar for detailed planning.
Temperature-Related Health and Safety Tips {#health-safety}
Heat Wave Precautions
During extreme Delhi temperature conditions, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare issues specific guidelines:
Summer Safety Guidelines
| Time of Day | Recommended Actions | Avoid |
|---|---|---|
| 6 AM – 10 AM | Exercise, outdoor work | Direct sun after 9 AM |
| 10 AM – 5 PM | Stay indoors, hydrate | Outdoor activities |
| 5 PM – 8 PM | Light activities | Strenuous exercise |
| 8 PM onwards | Evening walks, socializing | Dehydration |
Winter Health Considerations
Low Delhi temperature in winter requires different precautions. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) reports increased respiratory infections and cardiac events during cold waves. Proper clothing, room heating, and attention to vulnerable populations become essential. Visit our winter health guide for comprehensive advice.
Air Quality and Temperature Correlation
Delhi temperature inversions during winter trap pollutants near ground level, creating hazardous air quality conditions. The Central Pollution Control Board monitors this correlation closely, issuing health advisories when temperature conditions worsen air quality.
Conclusion {#conclusion}
Delhi temperature patterns present unique challenges and opportunities for residents and visitors alike. Understanding these temperature variations helps in planning daily activities, preparing for extreme weather events, and adapting to long-term climate changes. From the bone-chilling winters to scorching summers, Delhi’s weather demands respect and preparation.
As climate change continues to influence Delhi temperature trends, staying informed becomes increasingly important. Whether you’re a long-term resident adapting to changing patterns or a visitor planning your trip, knowledge of Delhi’s temperature patterns ensures better preparation and safety. Monitor our Delhi weather hub
